Individual Notes
Note for: Margaret Ashley, 20 JUN 1821 - 17 SEP 1910
Index
Burial: Place: Ashe County, NC
Individual Notes
Note for: Calvin Graybeal, 14 APR 1844 - 18 MAR 1930
Index
Event: Type: Military
Place: Civil War, Confederate 97th NC infantry
Individual Note: Lived on Little Laurel, as did brother Rufus.
He was a farmer and raised cattle
He hid in the Mountains during the Civil War so he wouldn't have to fight
1870 Ashe County Census: Calvin 25, Mary 25, Robert 1
1920 Ashe County Census: CAlvin 75, Marry 75, Amanda 32, Clint 12, Mae 10
Individual Notes
Note for: Mary Polly Jones, 16 DEC 1845 - 26 JAN 1920
Index
Alias: /Polly/
Individual Notes
Note for: William "Bill" Ashley, 1 SEP 1796 - 14 MAR 1877
Index
Event: Type: Veteran
Place: Vet. War of 1812
Burial: Place: Spencer/Ashley Cemetery
Individual Note: [family tree.FTW]
A veteran of the War of 1812. Later he was a Captain of the Ashe County "Home Guard" during the Civil War.
Individual Notes
Note for: Sidney Maxwell, ABT. 1770 - 13 SEP 1855
Index
Individual Note: [family tree.FTW]
[H4907c.FTW]
Roots: Maxwelltown, Dunfriesshire, Scotland.
Tradition: Sidney ran away from home (VA) seeking an older brother who had
also left home.
Wade Eller Collection reports Sidney was an original immigrant originally
from PA.
Individual Notes
Note for: Samuel Graybeal, 13 APR 1878 - 2 MAR 1968
Index
Burial: Place: Pennington-Graybeal Cemetery, Ashe County
Individual Note: [family tree.FTW]
1920 Ashe County Census: Sam 42, Matilda 41, Florence 20, Ardna 18, Danford 15, Hugh 12, Marry 10, Calvin 7, Lallie 4, Reece 1
Individual Notes
Note for: Matilda J. Oliver, 20 JUN 1878 - 15 JUN 1962
Index
Burial: Place: Ashe Co, NC
Individual Notes
Note for: John Peter Graybill, 3 OCT 1762 - 11 MAY 1842
Index
Burial: Place: Callaghan- Madison Cemetery, Jackson, OH
Individual Note: [family tree.FTW]
When Peter Graybeal left Ashe County, taking most of his family and others, including the Hensons, they settled in Bloomfield Township, Jackson County, Ohio. When they died, they were buried in the Vega Cemetery, Vega, Ohio.
His son, Henry Graybeal stayed in Ashe County and married Celia Henson.
Land:
Ashe County Deed book E p. 482 Peter Graybeal bought 246 acres of land from David Griffith
December 27, 1790, NC land grant to Peter Graybeal , 50 acres South Beaver Creek
Individual Notes
Note for: Christina Wampler, 7 SEP 1760 - 10 OCT 1844
Index
Individual Note: [family tree.FTW]
Christina had been taken prisoner by the Delaware Indians when a child and kept with the tribe for seven years and then returned to her parents.
When Christina was five years old she had been stolen by Delaware Indians, but had been returned to her family when twelve. Her families were Dunkards or Anabaptists, both groups stemming from German Protestants. The Graybills lived in the German communities of early America, Lancaster County in Pennsylvania, Frederick County in Maryland and Ashe County in North Carolina.
The Pennsylvania Gazette (October 13, 1757) - By a letter from Hanover Township, in Lancaster County, dated the First Instant, we learn, that the Children mentioned in our last to be carried off from Lebanon township, belonged to one Peter Wampler; that there were five of them, and taken away while their father and Mother were gone to the Meadow for a Load of Hay; and that the Indians likewise took from the House what they thought most valuable, and destroyed what they could not carry away, to a considerable Value. In the same Letter it is said, that the Frontiers are almost without Inhabitants; and that that Day, and the Day before, several Creatures were killed by the Enemy in Hanover Township and that on the Thursday before four People were killed in Berks County, and four made Prisoners, near the North Kill, by a party of Indians, supposed to be about Fifty.?
The Pennsylvania Gazette (January 17, 1765) - LIST of CAPTIVES taken by the INDIANS, and delivered to Colonel BOUQUET, by the Mingoes, Delawares, Shawanese, Wyondots and Mohickons, at Tuscarawas and Muskingam, in November, 1764. PENNSYLVANIANS - FEMALES and CHILDREN = "..Christina Wampler..Christopher Wampler..".
Detailed historical account of Colonel Bouquet's military expedition for the release of 206 Indian captives including Christina Wampler from the website ; I am unsure of the name of the book from which this was taken. Transcript:
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"INDIAN BARBARITIES AT THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE YEAR 1764 - COL. BRADSTREET?S EXPEDITION TO THE UPPER LAKES - COL. BOUQUET?S SECOND EXPEDITION - HIS ADVANCE TO THE
INDIAN TOWNS ON THE MUSKINGUM - THE SUBMISSION OF THE SAVAGES - THE DELIVERY OF THE CAPTIVES TO THE WHITES - THE FINAL TREATY OF PEACE.
DURING the winter of 1764, there was a cessation of the hostilities on the part of the Indians. Stricken with terror at the defeat and slaughter of their warriors at the battle of Brush creek, in Western Pennsylvania, by the army under Col. Bouquet, they retired farther into the forests and abandoned their usual haunts east of the Muskingum. But they retired only to prepare themselves for a renewal of hostilities in the ensuing year. The inhabitants on the frontiers being lulled into fancied security, by the stillness that reigned in the Indian camps during the winter, were awakened in the spring by the terrors of the war-whoop to all the horrors of savage barbarity. In several and distinct places they fell upon the border settlements, and wherever they went desolation and blood marked their trails. Alarm and suffering were again abroad among the inhabitants, and the whole frontier was the theatre of murdered families and burning dwellings.
It was therefore resolved that a decisive blow should be struck, and the merciless depredators be awed into silence and subjection. It was proposed to attack them at two different points, and ?carry the war in the heart of their own country.?
With this view, Col. Bradstreet was sent, with a body of troops, to act against the Wyandotts, Ottawas, Chippewas, and other nations living in the vicinity of the lakes; while Colonel Bouquet should pass an army through Pennsylvania into Ohio, and attack the Delawares, Shawanese, Mingoes, Mohicans and other nations between the Ohio and the Lakes.
These two divisions of the army were to act in concert. Col. Bradstreet was to proceed to Detroit, and Michilimackinac, in the first place, and on his return he was ordered to encamp and remain at Sandusky, to awe and hold in check the numerous north-western tribes, so as to prevent then from sending any assistance to the Ohio Indians, while Colonel Bouquet should march from Fort Pitt, and attack them in their settlements upon the Muskingum.
Active measures were taken to raise the requisite number of troops for the expedition of Colonel Bouquet. A part of two regiments of the regular army, to be joined by the troops of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and two hundred friendly Indians, were to compose the army under Colonel Bouquet.
The Indians never came, and the depredations of the savages upon the frontier of Virginia, employed all her troops for the defence of her frontier. In Pennsylvania, the Assembly passed a bill for raising one thousand men, which received the sanction of the Governor on the thirtieth of May; but the complement of forces was not obtained until the beginning of August. On the fifth of that month, the troops assembled at Carlisle, under their officers, Colonel Reid, Lieutenant-Colonel Francis, and Lieutenant-Colonel Clayton. Colonel Bouquet, accompanied by Governor John Penn, having arrived and taken command, the Governor addressed the Pennsylvania battalions, with a view to inspirit the soldiery, and to deter them from desertion. He adverted to the propriety of chastising the Indians, for their repeated and unprovoked barbarities on the inhabitants of the province: a just resentment of which, added to the courage of our provincial troops on former occasions, would, he did not doubt, animate them to do honor to their country. He told them that they were to be united to the same regular troops and under the same able commander, who had on that very day, the memorable fifth of August, in the preceding year, sustained the repeated attacks of the savages, and obtained over them a complete victory. He concluded be reminding them of the exemplary punishment that would be inflicted for the desertion should any one, forgetting the duty which he owed the country and the solemn oath he had taken, be guilty of the crime.
The army then commenced its march, and on the thirteenth of August reached Fort Loudon. After all the precaution to prevent desertion, it was found that not less that three hundred of the Pennsylvania troops were missing. Application was immediately made to the Governor to replace the number by enlistment. The Governor gave the order, but the men were never raised. An application to the Governor of Virginia was more successful, and the requisite number joined Colonel Bouquet as Fort Pitt, in the latter end of September.
While at Fort Loudon, Colonel Bouquet received dispatches from Colonel Bradstreet, dated August fourteenth, informing him that a treaty of peace had been concluded by him with the Delawares and Shawanese; but as these savages continued their murders and depredations, Colonel Bouquet placed no confidence in their sincerity, and resolved to prosecute his enterprise, and to force, if possible, the savages
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from the frontiers. The propriety of his course was soon obvious. The express sent to Colonel Bradstreet, from Fort Pitt, with the answer to his communication, was murdered, and his head placed on a pole in the middle of the road.* The treaty entered into by the Indians was merely to gain time to remove their families.?
Colonel Bouquet arrived at Fort Pitt on the Fifteenth day of September. Shortly afterwards ten Indians appeared on the opposite side of the Allegheny river, and desired a conference. It was apprehended that it was a stratagem to learn the strength of the fort. They were requested to come over the river, but seemed unwilling. Three of the party, at length crossed over; but, giving no satisfactory reason for their visit, they were detained as spies, and their associates fled back to their towns.
On the twentieth of September, one of the Indians detained at the fort was sent to the towns on the Muskingum with the following message:
?I have received an account from Colonel Bradstreet that your nations had begged for peace, which he consented to grant, upon assurance that you had recalled all your warriors from the frontiers; and in consequence thereof, I would not proceed against your towns, if I had not heard that, in open violation of your engagements, you have since murdered several of our people. As soon as the rest of the army joins me, which I expect immediately, I was therefore determined to have attacked you, as a people whose promises can no more be relied upon. But I will put it once more in your power to save yourselves and your families from total destruction, by giving us satisfaction for the hostilities against us. And, first, you are to leave the path open for my expresses, from hence to Detroit; and as I am now to send two men with dispatches to Colonel Bradstreet, who commands on the Lakes, I desire to know whether you will send two of your people with them to conduct them safe back with an answer? And if they receive any injury either going or coming, or if the letters are taken from them, I will immediately put the Indians now in my power to death, and will show no mercy in future to any of your nation that may fall into your hands. I allow you ten days to have my letters delivered at Detroit, and ten days to bring back an answer.?
About this time two Indians, an Onondago and an Oneida, came to Fort Pitt, with many professions of ancient friendship for the English, and endeavored to persuade Colonel Bouquet to abandon his design of marching against the Ohio Indians. They represented the expedition as dangerous, on account of the powerful and numerous tribes living in that region that would be arrayed against him. They recommended the dismissal of the two Indians detained at the fort, and gave assurances that if no hostile movements were made, the Indians would come and make peace. But these assurances being looked upon as a scheme to delay the march of the troops, till the lateness of the season would prevent them from proceeding, Colonel Bouquet answered that dependence could no longer be placed upon their promises, and that he would proceed to Tuscarawas, and either meet them in battle, or have a treaty permanently ratified.
On the third day of October, Colonel Bouquet, with fifteen hundred men, departed from Fort Pitt, marched about a mile and a half over a rich level country and encamped for the might. The next morning, the army proceeding about two miles, came to the Ohio, at the beginning of the narrows, and then followed the course of the river along the beach. The next day they passed through Logstown, seventeen miles and a half from Fort Pitt.
This place was noted for many years for the great trade carried on with the Indians, by the English and French. The Delawares and Shawanese abandoned it in 1750? and it was taken possession of by the Mingoes. It was deserted by the Mingoes after the battle of Brush Creek. The lower town extended about sixty perches over a rich bottom to the foot of a low steep ridge, on the summit of which, near the declivity, stood the upper town, and quite across the Ohio, which, by its majestic, easy curr4ent, added much to the beauty of the place.
The following day, the army passing over a steep ridge, crossed Big Beaver Creek, twenty perches in depth. It runs through a rich vale, with a strong current; its banks are high, and the upland adjoining it very good, covered with tall young timber.
About a mile lrom its confluence with the Ohio, stood formerly a large town on a steep bank, built by the French for some Shawanese, Delawares and Mingoes. The houses were constructed of square logs, with stone chimnies. It was abandoned in 1758, when the French were driven from Fort Duquesne. Near the fording of Beaver Creek, stood also several houses, which were deserted and destroyed by the Indians, after their defeat at Brush Creek.
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* Gordon?s History of Pennsylvania, p. 435.
? Penn. Gazette, 1764
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Two miles before the army reached Beaver, a person who had escaped from the Indians, came in. He had been taken about a week before, near Fort Bedford, by six Delawares. He stated that the Indians had seen the army the day before, but kept aloof, being awed by its numbers.*
On the thirteenth of October, Colonel Bouquet, with his army, arrived at Tuscarawas, near the forks of the Muskingum. This place was found to be exceedingly beautiful, the lands rich on both sides of the river, - the country on the north-west side being a level plain for more than five miles in circumference.
While the army remained in the camp here, the two men who had been sent by Colonel Bouquet the Colonel Bradstreet at Detroit, arrived. They reported that they had been made prisoners by the Delawares, within a few miles of this place, and taken about sixteen miles to one of their towns, there they were kept until the savages learning the arrival of the army, set them at liberty, ordering them to say the Colonel Bouquet that the Chiefs of the Delawares and Shawanese are coming to negotiate a peace.
The next day Colonel Bouquet proceeded two miles further down the Muskingum, and encamped on a high bank. The next day the Indians came to inform him, that all their chiefs were assembled about eight miles distant, and were ready to enter into a treaty with him, and were earnestly desirous of peace. He returned an answer, that he would meet them the next day in a bower a some distance from the camp. In the meantime he built a small stockade fort for the deposit of provisions, for the use of the troops on their return and to lighten the convoy.
On the seventeenth of October, Colonel Bouquet, attended by a portion of the regular troops, the Virginia volunteers, and the light horses, repaired to the bower that had been erected for the conference. Shortly after the troops had been arranged so as to appear to the best advantage, the Indians arrived at the place appropriated for them. Of the Delawares, two tribes were present, numbering twenty warriors, with their respective chiefs, Custaloga and Beaver. Of the Shawanese, Keissinautchtha, a deputy from the chiefs, and six warriors. And of the Kiyashnta, Custaloga, Beaver and Turtle-Heart, were the chief speakers. Being seated, they first smoked the calumet of peace; after which, they laid them aside, and addressed Colonel Bouquet at length. The substance of which they had to offer consisted in excuses for their treachery and misconduct, throwing the blame on the rashness of their young men, and the nations living to the westward of them; sueing for peace in an humble manner, and promising severally to deliver up all their prisoners. After they had concluded, the Colonel promised to give them an answer the next day, and after dismissing them returned with the army to camp.
On account of unfavorable weather, the next meeting did not take place until the twentieth, when Colonel Bouquet, replied, ?that their pretances to palliate their guilt by throwing the blame on the Western nations, and the rashness of their young men, were weak and frivolous, as it was in the power of the English to protect them against all these nations, if they had solicited assistance, and that it was their own duty to have chastised their young men when they did wrong, and not to suffer themselves to be directed by them.
He recapitulated to them the many instance of their former perfidy; their killing and captivating the traders who had been sent among them, at their own request, and plundering their effects; their attacking Fort Pitt, which had been built with their express consent; their murdering four men that had been sent on a public message to them, thereby violating the customs held sacred among all nations, however barbarous; their attacking the English army at Brush creek, and after being defeated, falling upon the frontier and continuing to murder. He also referred to their treacherous violation of their late engagements with Colonel Bradstreet, in which they stipulated to deliver up all their prisoners by the tenth of September last, and to recall all their warriors from the frontiers. ?You have,? said he, ?promised at every former treaty, as you do now, to deliver up all your prisoners, and have received at every time presents, but have never complied with the engagements. I am now to tell you, therefore, that the English will no longer be imposed upon by your promises. This army shall not leave your country, until you have fully complied with every condition that is to precede a treaty with you.?
?I have brought with me, the relations of the people you have massacred, or taken prisoners. They are impatient for revenge; and it is with difficulty that I can protect you against their resentment, which is only restrained by the assurances given them, that no peace shall ever be concluded till you have given full satisfaction.
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* The facts in relation to the march of the army, are mostly taken from Hutchens? Historical Account of Bouquets Expedition, published in Craig?s Olden Time, No. 6, pp. 241, 263; and Appendix, pp. 143, 166.
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?Your former allies, the Ottawas, Chippewas, Wyandotts, and others, have made peace with us. The Six Nations have joined us against you. We now surround you, having possession of all the waters of the ohio, the Mississippi, and the Lakes. All the French living in those parts are now subjects of Great Britain, and dare no longer assist you. It is therefore in our power totally to extripate you from being a people. But the English are a merciful and generous nation, averse to shed the blood even of their most cruel enemies; and if it were possible that you could convince us that you sincerely repent of your past perfidy, and that we could depend on your good behavior for the future, you might yet hope for mercy and peace. If I find you faithfully execute the following preliminary conditions, I will not treat you with the severity you deserve. I give you twelve days to deliver into my hands all the prisoners in your possession, without any exception; Englishmen, Frenchmen, women and children, whether adopted in your tribes, married, or living amongst you under any denomination and pretence, whatsoever, together will all the Negroes. And you are to furnish the said prisoners with clothing, provisions and horses, to carry them to Fort Pitt. When you have fully complied with these conditions, you shall then know on what terms you may obtain the peace you ask.*
The decided tone of this speech had the desired effect. The determined spirit in which it was delivered, the boldness of the army in penetrating into the wilderness, which they had deemed impassible by regular troops, and the vigilance of the commander who had signally defeated them a Bushy run, had the desired effect, and awed them into a desire for peace.
At the close of the former conference on the seventeenth, the two Delaware chiefs delivered eighteen white prisoners, and also eighty-three small sticks expressing the number of other prisoners in their possession, promising to release them as soon as possible. None of the Shawanese Sachems appeared at the conference, and their deputy, Keissinautchtha, declined speaking until Colonel Bouquet had answered the Delawares, and then with dejected sulleness, he promised in behalf of his nation, to submit to the terms agreed upon by the other tribes.
As the presence of the army was the best security for the performance of the promises of the Indians, Colonel Bouquet determined to march further into the country, and required some of each nation to attend him on his march. And before they separated, Kiyashta, the leading sachem, addressed the chiefs and warriors of the several nations, desiring them ?to be strong in complying with their engagements, that they might wipe away the reproach of their former breach of faith, and convince their brothers, the English, that they could speak the truth,? adding ?that he would conduct the army to the place appointed for receiving the prisoners.??
Colonel Bouquet declined shaking hands with the chiefs at the close of this meeting, and as they appeared dissatisfied, he told them that the English never took their enemies by the hand until peace was finally concluded.? The council then separated.
On the twenty-second day of October, the army began its march to the place appointed to receive the prisoners. But arriving at a place about a mile from the forks of the Muskingum, and thirty miles from the place of holding the late council, Colonel Bouquet concluded to encamp, it being in the midst of their towns and settlements. Four redoubts were built opposite the four angles of the camp; the ground in front was cleared, a store-house erected for provisions, and also a house to receive the Indians for the purpose of holding a council, upon their return with the prisoners.
Messengers now arrived in camp from the Delawares and Shawanese, with information that the prisoners were already on their way, in charge of the Indians; and a Caughnawaga chief and twenty warriors presented themselves to Colonel Bouquet, with a letter from Colonel Bradstreet, in answer to the one which had been sent, by two Indians from Fort Pitt. The substance of this communication was, that Colonel Bradstreet had settled nothing with the several Indian tribes, and had recovered no prisoners - and that he found it impossible any longer to co-operate with Colonel Bouquet. It is important to say what would have been the effect of his determination, if Colonel Bouquet had not been in possession of the Indian territory with his army, and had the chiefs of the several tribes with him.
On Friday, the ninth of November, the Colonel, attended by most of the principal officers, went to the council-house. Most of the prisoners had now arrived, and were given up, amounting to two hundred and six. Almost one hundred were still in possession of the Shawanese, which were delivered up in the ______________________________________________________________________________________
* Hutchins? Historical account of the expedition of Colonel Bouquet, against the Indians, in 1764, published in Craig?s Olden Time, Vol. 1, page 246, 248.
? Hutchens? Historical Account, in Craig?s Olden Times, Vol. I. p. 248, 249.
? Hutchens? Historical Account, in Craig?s Olden Times, Vol. I. p. 249.
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following spring. The conference was first opened with the Senecas and Delawares. Kiyashuta and ten warriors represented the former, Custaloga and twenty warriors the latter.
Kiyashuta, Sachem of the Senecas, arose and spoke as follows:
?With this string of wampum, we wipe away the tears from your eyes - we deliver you these three prisoners, which are the last of your flesh and blood that remained among the Senacas and Custaloga tribe of Delawares.* We gather together and bring with this belt,? all the bones of the people that have been killed during this unhappy war, which the evil spirit occasioned among us. We cover the bones that have been buried, that they may be never more remembered. We again cover their place with leaves, that it may be no more seen. As we have been long astray, and the path between you and us stopped, we extend this belt, that it may again be cleared, and we may travel in peace to see our brethren as our ancestors formerly did. While you hold it fast by one end, and we by the other, we shall always be able to discover anything that may disturb our friendship.?
Colonel Bouquet replied, that he received the last prisoners and heard with much gratification the speech of Kiyashuta. He was ready to join in burying the bones of the victims of this war, so that their places might be no more seen. The peace asked for should now be had. But as he was a warrior, other persons would be commissioned to make a treaty with them. He then required two hostages from each tribe, as a security against further hostilities, and that deputies should be sent fully empowered to treat for all the tribes, with Sir William Johnson, at Fort Pitt; and in that treaty everything should be settled to render the peace everlasting. This was done, when he took the chiefs by the hand for the first time which gave them great joy.
The next day Colonel Bouquet met King Beaver, chief of the two other tribes of the Delawares, with thirty warriors, when the same ceremonies took place between them as on the preceding day, with the other tribes. He presented six hostages, and five deputies, to treat for peace.
The Shawanese met Colonel Bouquet in council, on the twelfth of November. Although this nation saw themselves under the necessity of yielding to the same Conditions with the other tribes, yet there appeared a reluctance and sullen haughtiness in their conduct, which rendered it very suspicious. Their chiefs and forty warriors were present, also about sixty warriors, and their chiefs, of the Senecas and Delawares.
The Red Hawk was their speaker, and he delivered himself with a strange mixture of pride and submission. The following extracts the specimens:
?BROTHER: - You will listen to us your younger brethren; and as we discover something in your eyes, that prevents you from being satisfied with us, we will wipe it away that you may clearly see. You had heard many bad stories of us. We clear your ears that you may hear. We remove every bad thing from your heart, that it may be like the heart of your ancestors when they thought nothing but good.
?When we saw you coming this road, you advanced towards us, with an uplifted tomahawk in your hand; but we take it out of your hands to throw it to the GOOD SPIRIT, to dispose of as he pleases. And now brother, who are yourself a warrior, we ask you to take hold of this chain of friendship, and receive it from us, who are also warriors, and let us think no more of war, in pity to our old men, women and children.
?Now, brother, I beg that we who are warriors may forget our disputes, and renew the friendship which appears by these papers, which I hold in my hand, to have subsisted between our fathers.
A number of prisoners were delivered up, and hostages given to Colonel Bouquet, as security for the promised treaty of peace. Red Hawk pledged himself in behalf of the rest of the nation, who were absent as a great distance, in hunting, that they certainly should come to Fort Pitt in the spring, and bring the remainder of the prisoners with them. This pledge was afterwards faithfully redeemed.
The basis of a treaty now being effected, the prisoners were brought into camp. The occurred a scene of thrilling interest; where were to be seen fathers and mothers recognizing and clasping their once lost babes; husbands hanging around the necks of their newly recovered wives; sisters and brothers unexpectedly meeting together after long separations, scarce able to speak the same language, or for some time, to be sure they were children of the same parents In all these interviews, joys and rapture inexpressible were seen, while feelings of a very different nature were painted in the looks of others, flying from place to place in eager enquiries after relations not found trembling to receive an answer to their questions distracted with doubts, hopes and fears, on obtaining no account of those sought for or stiffened ______________________________________________________________________________________
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into living monuments of horror or woe, on learning their unhappy fate. The Indians, too, as if wholly
forgetting their usual savageness, bore a capital part in heightening these most affecting scenes. They delivered up their beloved captives with the utmost reluctance, shed torrents of tears over them, recommending them to the care and protection of the commanding officer, and continuing their regard to them all the time they remained in the camp. They visited them from day to day; brought them what corn, skins, horses, and other matters, they had bestowed on them while in their families; accompanied with other presents, and all the marks of the most sincere and tender affection. Nay, they did not stop here, but, when the army marched, some of the Indians solicited and obtained leave to accompany their former captives all the way to Fort Pitt, and employed themselves in hunting provisions for them on the road. A young Mingo went still further, and gave an instance of love which would make a figure even in romance. He had taken such a liking to a Virginia young woman, who was amongst the captives, as to call her his wife. Against all remonstrances of the imminent danger to which he exposed himself by approaching the frontiers, he persisted in following her at the risk of being killed by the surviving relations of many unfortunate persons, who had been captivated or scalped by those of his nation.
These qualities in savages challenge our just esteem. They should make us charitably consider their barbarities as the effects of wrong education and false notions of bravery and heroism; while we should look on their virtues as sure marks that nature has made them fit subjects of cultivation as well as us; and that we are called on by our superior advantages to yield them all the help we can in this way. Cruel and unmerciful as they are, by habit and long example in war, yet, whenever they come to give way to the native dictates of humanity they exercise virtues which Christians need not blush to imitate. When they once determined to give life, they gave everything with it, which, in their apprehension, belongs to it. From every inquiry that has been made, it appears t
Individual Notes
Note for: Henry Osborne, 15 OCT 1827 - 10 MAY 1907
Index
Burial: Place: Rich Hill Cemetery, Ashe County
Individual Notes
Note for: Mary Jane Calhoun, 1834 - 8 JUN 1892
Index
Burial: Place: Brown Cemetery
Individual Notes
Note for: Jeremiah Osborne, 1804 -
Index
Individual Note: [family tree.FTW]
1850 Ashe County Census: Jeremiah Osborne 46, Farmer, Christina 45, Henry 21, John 18, Nancy 17, Celia 16, Peggy 12 , --- 9, Lydia----7, Daniel 4